SEMAINE 24 – JOUR 1 Grammar Review + Listening
INTRODUCTION
Aujourd’hui, tu vas réviser :
✅ Reported Speech
✅ Passive Voice
✅ Relative Clauses
✅ les erreurs les plus fréquentes
✅ la compréhension orale
LISTENING DU JOUR
REVISION & EXERCICE D'APPLICATION
Revisez tous les chapitres ci - dessous pour verifier si vous avez tout compris.
Il y aura un exercice à faire à la fin.
📚 Révision Express — Semaine 23
Maîtrise Reported Speech · Passive Voice · Relative Clauses
Erreurs fréquentes · Compréhension orale · Exercice d'application
💬 Reported Speech
Reported Speech (discours indirect) is used to report what someone said without using their exact words. The verb tense shifts back in time.
| Direct Speech | → | Reported Speech |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | → | Past Simple |
| Present Continuous | → | Past Continuous |
| Past Simple | → | Past Perfect |
| will | → | would |
| can | → | could |
| must | → | had to |
| Direct | → | Reported |
|---|---|---|
| now | → | then / at that moment |
| today | → | that day |
| tomorrow | → | the next day / the following day |
| yesterday | → | the day before / the previous day |
| here | → | there |
| this | → | that |
SAY → not followed by a person directly
She said (that) she was tired.
TELL → always followed by a person
She told me (that) she was tired.
She said (that) she was tired.
TELL → always followed by a person
She told me (that) she was tired.
⚠️ Never : She said me… ✘ She told that… ✘
✔ Always : She said (that)… | She told me/him/her/us/them (that)…
✔ Always : She said (that)… | She told me/him/her/us/them (that)…
Yes/No questions : asked + if / whether
"Are you ready?" → He asked if I was ready.
Wh- questions : asked + wh-word + subject + verb
"Where do you live?" → She asked where I lived.
"Are you ready?" → He asked if I was ready.
Wh- questions : asked + wh-word + subject + verb
"Where do you live?" → She asked where I lived.
⚠️ No inversion in reported questions !
✘ He asked where did I live.
✔ He asked where I lived.
✘ He asked where did I live.
✔ He asked where I lived.
"I am working on a project." → She said she was working on a project.
Elle a dit qu'elle travaillait sur un projet.
"I will call you tomorrow." → He told me he would call me the next day.
Il m'a dit qu'il m'appellerait le lendemain.
"Can you help me?" → She asked if I could help her.
Elle a demandé si je pouvais l'aider.
🎓
Coach Assoa :
Pour maîtriser le Reported Speech, mémorise d'abord le tableau de backshift. Ensuite, retiens que say ≠ tell — c'est l'erreur numéro 1. Enfin, souviens-toi : pas d'inversion dans les questions rapportées !
🔄 Passive Voice
Active : Subject + verb + object
Passive : Object → Subject + am/is/are/was/were + past participle + (by + agent)
Passive : Object → Subject + am/is/are/was/were + past participle + (by + agent)
| Tense | Active | Passive |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | They build houses. | Houses are built. |
| Past Simple | She wrote the report. | The report was written. |
| Present Perfect | They have sent the email. | The email has been sent. |
| Future (will) | They will announce it. | It will be announced. |
| Modal | You must sign it. | It must be signed. |
① The agent (doer) is unknown : My phone was stolen.
② The agent is obvious : The criminal was arrested.
③ The object is more important than the agent.
④ In formal / academic / news writing.
② The agent is obvious : The criminal was arrested.
③ The object is more important than the agent.
④ In formal / academic / news writing.
This school was built in 1995 by the government.
Cette école a été construite en 1995 par le gouvernement.
English is spoken in many African countries today.
L'anglais est parlé dans de nombreux pays africains aujourd'hui.
The results will be announced next Friday.
Les résultats seront annoncés vendredi prochain.
⚠️ Common mistakes :
✘ The report was write by Aminata. → ✔ was written
✘ The car is repair now. → ✔ is being repaired
✘ By the government built this. → ✔ This was built by the government.
✘ The report was write by Aminata. → ✔ was written
✘ The car is repair now. → ✔ is being repaired
✘ By the government built this. → ✔ This was built by the government.
🎓
Coach Assoa :
Mémorise la formule : be + past participle. 'Be' change selon le temps (is, was, will be, has been…) mais le participe passé reste toujours le même. Vérifie toujours : est-ce que le sujet reçoit l'action ?
🔗 Relative Clauses
| Pronoun | Used for | Example |
|---|---|---|
| WHO | People | The student who passed is brilliant. |
| WHICH | Things / Animals | The book which I read was great. |
| THAT | People OR Things (defining) | The car that he drives is new. |
| WHERE | Places | The city where I was born. |
| WHOSE | Possession | The girl whose bag was stolen. |
Defining (no commas) → identifies which one — essential info
→ WHO / WHICH / THAT / WHERE / WHOSE all allowed
Non-defining (with commas) → adds extra info — not essential
→ WHO / WHICH / WHERE / WHOSE only — NEVER THAT
→ WHO / WHICH / THAT / WHERE / WHOSE all allowed
Non-defining (with commas) → adds extra info — not essential
→ WHO / WHICH / WHERE / WHOSE only — NEVER THAT
The man who called you is my uncle. (defining)
L'homme qui t'a appelé est mon oncle.
My uncle, who lives in Abidjan, called you. (non-defining)
Mon oncle, qui vit à Abidjan, t'a appelé.
⚠️ Never use THAT in non-defining clauses :
✘ My sister, that is a nurse, lives in Bouaké.
✔ My sister, who is a nurse, lives in Bouaké.
✘ My sister, that is a nurse, lives in Bouaké.
✔ My sister, who is a nurse, lives in Bouaké.
💡 WHOSE = possession — works for people AND things.
Ex : A country whose economy is growing. / The man whose car was stolen.
Ex : A country whose economy is growing. / The man whose car was stolen.
💡 WHERE = in which. Never add "there" after WHERE.
✘ The city where I live there. ✔ The city where I live.
✘ The city where I live there. ✔ The city where I live.
💡 THAT can replace WHO or WHICH in defining clauses only.
After superlatives and 'the only', THAT is preferred : the best thing that happened.
After superlatives and 'the only', THAT is preferred : the best thing that happened.
🎓
Coach Assoa :
Pose-toi toujours deux questions : ① De quoi parle-t-on ? (personne → who, chose → which/that, lieu → where, possession → whose) ② L'info est-elle essentielle ? Si non → virgules + jamais THAT.
⚠️ Erreurs les plus fréquentes
✘ She said me that she was tired.
✔ She told me that she was tired. / She said (that) she was tired.
✔ She told me that she was tired. / She said (that) she was tired.
✘ He said that he will come.
✔ He said that he would come. → 'will' becomes 'would' in reported speech.
✔ He said that he would come. → 'will' becomes 'would' in reported speech.
✘ She asked where did I live.
✔ She asked where I lived. → No inversion in reported questions.
✔ She asked where I lived. → No inversion in reported questions.
✘ He told that the meeting was cancelled.
✔ He told us (that) the meeting was cancelled. → 'Tell' must have an object.
✔ He told us (that) the meeting was cancelled. → 'Tell' must have an object.
✘ The letter was write by her.
✔ The letter was written by her. → Always past participle, never base verb.
✔ The letter was written by her. → Always past participle, never base verb.
✘ The car repaired now.
✔ The car is being repaired now. → Don't forget the auxiliary 'be'.
✔ The car is being repaired now. → Don't forget the auxiliary 'be'.
✘ By the teacher explained the lesson.
✔ The lesson was explained by the teacher. → Subject comes first.
✔ The lesson was explained by the teacher. → Subject comes first.
✘ They were build in 1990.
✔ They were built in 1990. → Irregular past participle : build → built.
✔ They were built in 1990. → Irregular past participle : build → built.
✘ The teacher which taught us left.
✔ The teacher who taught us left. → WHO for people, not WHICH.
✔ The teacher who taught us left. → WHO for people, not WHICH.
✘ The city where I live there is nice.
✔ The city where I live is nice. → Never add 'there' after WHERE.
✔ The city where I live is nice. → Never add 'there' after WHERE.
✘ My sister, that is a doctor, is kind.
✔ My sister, who is a doctor, is kind. → THAT never used in non-defining clauses.
✔ My sister, who is a doctor, is kind. → THAT never used in non-defining clauses.
✘ The man which car was stolen called police.
✔ The man whose car was stolen called the police. → Use WHOSE for possession.
✔ The man whose car was stolen called the police. → Use WHOSE for possession.
✘ She don't know the answer.
✔ She doesn't know the answer. → 3rd person singular needs 'does'.
✔ She doesn't know the answer. → 3rd person singular needs 'does'.
✘ I have visited him yesterday.
✔ I visited him yesterday. → With a specific past time marker, use Past Simple.
✔ I visited him yesterday. → With a specific past time marker, use Past Simple.
✘ He is more taller than me.
✔ He is taller than me. → Never 'more' + -er comparative together.
✔ He is taller than me. → Never 'more' + -er comparative together.
🎓
Coach Assoa :
Lis ces erreurs à voix haute et répète la version correcte trois fois. Ce n'est pas la règle que tu mémorises qui compte — c'est la phrase correcte que tu répètes jusqu'à ce qu'elle devienne automatique.
🎧 Compréhension orale + Exercice
Listen to the following dialogues read aloud by your browser. Each dialogue uses Reported Speech, Passive Voice or Relative Clauses. Then answer the comprehension questions.
🗣️ Dialogue 1 — Konan talks to Adjoua about a meeting.
Konan : "Did you hear what the manager said this morning?"
Adjoua : "No, I missed the meeting. What happened?"
Konan : "He told us that the new project had been approved by the board. He also said that the results would be announced next week."
Adjoua : "That's great! Do you know who is leading the project?"
Konan : "Yes — it's Aminata, the woman whose proposal impressed everyone."
Adjoua : "No, I missed the meeting. What happened?"
Konan : "He told us that the new project had been approved by the board. He also said that the results would be announced next week."
Adjoua : "That's great! Do you know who is leading the project?"
Konan : "Yes — it's Aminata, the woman whose proposal impressed everyone."
🗣️ Dialogue 2 — A radio news report.
Radio reporter : "The new community centre, which was built last year, was officially opened this morning by the mayor of Bouaké. The centre, whose construction was funded by local businesses, offers free English classes to young people who want to improve their professional skills. A local resident said that she had been waiting for this moment for a long time and that the centre would change her neighbourhood."
🗣️ Dialogue 3 — Job interview conversation.
Interviewer : "Can you tell me about a challenge you faced at work?"
Candidate : "Yes. Last year, I was given a very complex project that had to be completed in two weeks. The report that I produced was reviewed by three senior managers. They told me that my work had impressed them and that I would be considered for a promotion."
Interviewer : "That's excellent. What skills do you think are most important for this role?"
Candidate : "I believe communication is the skill that makes the biggest difference — especially in a company where teamwork is valued."
Candidate : "Yes. Last year, I was given a very complex project that had to be completed in two weeks. The report that I produced was reviewed by three senior managers. They told me that my work had impressed them and that I would be considered for a promotion."
Interviewer : "That's excellent. What skills do you think are most important for this role?"
Candidate : "I believe communication is the skill that makes the biggest difference — especially in a company where teamwork is valued."
💡 Tip : After listening, identify in each dialogue : ① one example of Reported Speech ② one passive structure ③ one relative clause. This is active listening — the most effective method.
📝 Exercice d'application — 15 questions
15:00
15 questions couvrant Reported Speech · Passive Voice · Relative Clauses et les erreurs fréquentes. Timer : 15 minutes.