SEMAINE 18 – JOUR 5 Révision + Listening
SEMAINE 18 · JOUR 5 · RÉVISION + LISTENING
Révision Générale
Modals of Obligation & Permission
👋 Introduction
Cette semaine, tu as appris à :
✔️ exprimer l'obligation (must / have to)
✔️ donner la permission (can / may)
✔️ interdire (must not)
Aujourd'hui :
zéro confusion
réflexes rapides
utilisation naturelle
Écoute l'audio (2 écoutes recommandées) puis réponds aux questions.
0 écoute (2 recommandées)
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📄 Transcript
💬 DAILY IDIOM
Once in a blue moon
Sens : Très rarement, presque jamais.
1. "I only eat fast food once in a blue moon."
2. "She visits her hometown once in a blue moon because she lives so far away."
🔤 DAILY PHRASAL VERB
Run into
Sens : Rencontrer quelqu'un par hasard.
1. "I ran into my old teacher at the supermarket yesterday."
2. "You'll never guess who I ran into this morning!"
1. The Modal Power Grid
Modals tell us the "vibe" of the obligation. Are you choosing to do it, or is someone forcing you?
| Modal | Use Case | The Secret Key |
|---|---|---|
| Must | Personal Necessity | "I feel" it is important. |
| Have To | External Rule | "They say" I have to do it. |
| Can | Informal Permission | "Is it okay?" (Casual) |
| May | Formal Permission | "Do I have authorization?" (Professional) |
⚠️ Warning: Mustn't means "It's forbidden." Don't have to means "It's optional." They are not the same!
2. The Official Vocabulary Spectrum
When writing or speaking professionally, use these specific adjectives to describe the level of a rule.
🚫 Prohibited: Stop! It is strictly forbidden (e.g., smoking in an office).
⚠️ Mandatory: You have no choice; it is required by law (e.g., wearing a seatbelt).
✅ Authorized: You have the official "green light" to do it.
🟢 Optional: It is up to you. You can do it if you want, but you are off the hook if you don't.
3. Roles vs. Actions (The -ING Rule)
Don't confuse your job title with your daily tasks.
The Position: Use "Responsible for" or "In charge of".
Structure: [Subject] + [Be] + [Phrase] + [Verb-ING].
Example: "I am in charge of training the new staff."
The Action: Use "Handle" or "Deal with".
Structure: [Subject] + [Verb].
Example: "I handle technical problems every day."
Part A: Choose the Best Word
Select the correct option to complete the professional scenario.
Part B: Fill in the Blanks
Use the words: Prohibited, Authorized, Must, Have to, Bottom line.
Correction & Explanations
1. Optional — The second part of the sentence says "you can wear a t-shirt," which means there is no obligation.
2. Mustn't — This is a prohibition. "Don't have to" would mean you have a choice, but for safety (dangerous room), you are forbidden from entering without protection.
3. In charge of — Describes a leadership position or a general role.
4. Deals with — Describes the specific action of managing or fixing a problem.
5. May — Because the context is formal ("Mr. Director"), "May" is the most polite and professional choice for asking permission.
6. Have to — The obligation comes from the boss (an external rule), not from the speaker's own feelings.
7. Prohibited — A formal way to say something is strictly forbidden, especially for safety reasons.
8. Must — Expresses a personal necessity. The speaker feels it is important to remember the call.
9. Authorized — Refers to having the official power or permission to do something.
10. Bottom line — This idiom is used to summarize the most important point of a conversation or situation.